Human-machine systems

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

A brief overview of theoretical, experimental and industrial issues that are typical for studies on human-machine systems is given. The paper distinguishes three human-machine interaction modes: direct control, intermittent control and supervisory control. It is shown that a technology-driven engineering approach drives human-machine interaction out of the loop. It is challenging to use developments, such as multimedia, for all control modes, to enhance rather than abolish human-machine interaction. Design of any of the control modes requires a human-centred design approach. This overview refers to other papers in a series dedicated to human-machine systems.