Key result
Fluoroquinolone use within 60 and 90 days was associated with ruptured aortic aneurysm (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.70-2.76 and OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.78-2.75), though the 28-day association was not significant.
Why the study?
Fluoroquinolones are associated with an increased risk of tendinopathy, including rupture, prompting investigation into whether their use triggers the rupture of aortic aneurysms.
Does recent fluoroquinolone use trigger the rupture of aortic aneurysms?
Case-Control (n=58)
Yes
Does recent fluoroquinolone use trigger the rupture of aortic aneurysms?
Recent fluoroquinolone use (within 60 to 90 days) is associated with a significantly increased risk of aortic aneurysm rupture, extending known risks of tendinopathy to aortic tissue.
Fluoroquinolones (FQ) are associated with an increased risk of tendinopathy, including rupture. Our study aimed to investigate whether FQ use triggered the rupture of aortic aneurysms using a self-controlled design. We hypothesised that the use of FQ was associated with aortic rupture shortly after redeemed FQ prescriptions. Using nationwide data sources, we performed a case-crossover study of cases with ruptured aortic aneurysms. From 1996 to 2016, 58 persons presented with rupture of an aortic aneurysm and a redeemed prescription for any FQ within 28 days. 67% were men, and the median age was 77 years. Some 82.9% presented with a ruptured abdominal aneurysm. In our conditional regression, the crude OR for having rupture with a recent FQ redemption was 1.36 (CI 1.00-1.86). After adjusting for potential confounders, the OR was 1.35 (CI 0.98-1.85). Changing the hazard period to FQ redemption within 60 and 90 days, the OR was 2.16 (CI 1.70-2.76) and 2.21 (CI 1.78-2.75), respectively. In conclusion, we demonstrated an association between FQ use within 60 and 90 days and a diagnosis of ruptured aortic aneurysm.
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Kristensen et al. (2021) conducted a case-control in Ruptured aortic aneurysm (n=58). Fluoroquinolones vs. Self-controlled (unexposed periods) was evaluated on Rupture of aortic aneurysm within 28 days of fluoroquinolone redemption (OR 1.35, 95% CI 0.98-1.85). Fluoroquinolone use within 60 and 90 days was associated with ruptured aortic aneurysm (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.70-2.76 and OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.78-2.75), though the 28-day association was not significant.
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