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This study conducts a systematic literature review of 509 Scopus-indexed publications (2015–2025) to examine the dual role of Industry 4.0 technologies in supply chain resilience. On one hand, these technologies enhance resilience through realtime visibility, predictive analytics, and automation. On the other hand, they introduce new risks and vulnerabilities, making them a growing auxiliary field of research. Our analyze reveals an exponential increase in research (72% increase in 2024) with China and the United States leading the way and Morocco having only provided 7 studies which elucidates relevant differences in submission patterns and production rates across countries. The Assessment highlights the main advantages (real-time visibility, predictive analytics, etc.) and obstacles (cybersecurity risks, implementation costs, etc.) of the technology, emphasizing the need for balanced adoption strategies. Top-tier journals cover everything from AI-enabled risk management to sustainable logistics, with Ivanov's (2020) “ immune system” analogy surfacing as the most visible resilience framework. Ultimately, this review underscores the transformative potential and inherent complexities of digital supply chain solutions and calls for greater investment in research from underrepresented regions to foster a truly global approach to supply chain resilience.
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Soumaya et al. (2025) studied this question.