Intracoronary Vasoactive Therapy for No-Reflow During Primary PCI

Figures

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  Figure 1. Network Plots of Treatment Comparisons Each node represents an individual treatment, and lines between nodes indicate direct comparisons available in the included studies. The size of the nodes and the thickness of the lines correspond to the number of studies and comparisons, respectively.

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  Figure 2. Network Plots of Treatment Comparisons IV = intravenous; RCT = randomized controlled trial.

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  Figure 3. Forest Plots of Primary and Secondary Outcomes Compared to Control (A) TIMI flow grade 3; (B) TIMI flow grade 2 to 3; (C) ST-segment resolution (STR); (D) major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE); and (E) overall mortality. Each plot shows the effect estimates and 95% CIs for each treatment compared to control. Heterogeneity: TIMI flow grade 3 (τ2 = 0; I2 = 0%); TIMI flow grade 2 to 3 (τ2 = 0; I2 = 0%), STR (τ2 = 0; I2 = 0%), MACE (τ2 = 0; I2 = 0%), and mortality (τ2 = 0.15; I2 = 21.4%).

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  Figure 4. League Plots and Ranking Plots for Each Outcome The league plots (left) display head-to-head comparisons between treatments. The ranking plots (right) summarize the overall probability of each treatment being the most effective in achieving final TIMI flow grade 3.

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  Central Illustration. Intracoronary Vasoactive Drugs the Treatment of No-Reflow In primary PCI complicated by no-reflow, verapamil and epinephrine were the most effective agents for restoring coronary flow, with verapamil showing the most consistent benefit across TIMI 3 flow and STR. MACE = major adverse cardiovascular events; STR = ST-segment resolution.