VLF chorus emissions observed by Polar during the January 10, 1997, magnetic cloud

VLF chorus emissions occur near the dawn meridian in fast response (<60 s) to magnetospheric perturbations caused by sudden fluctuations in solar wind dynamic pressure and southward turnings of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) at the arrival of the Jan. 10, 1997 magnetic cloud. Raytracing analysis indicates the likely chorus source region to be near the magnetic equator with rays launched at oblique wave normal angles, for which likely resonant electron energies are in the range E ∼14–30 keV, consistent with observed particle data.