A study on the relationship between air pollution and pulmonary tuberculosis based on the general additive model in Wulumuqi, China

Objective This study aimed to explore the impact of atmospheric pollutants on the incidence of tuberculosis (TB), and provide new ideas for the prevention and control of TB in the future. Methods It explored the relationship between air pollutants and meteorological factors, as well as between air pollutants and heating through Spearman correlation analysis and rank sum test. Additionally, it analyzed the relationship between air pollutants and TB incidence using the general additive model. Statistical analysis results at the p <0.05 level were considered significant. Results Three months after exposure to air pollutants (PM 2.5 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and CO) TB incidence increased. However, TB incidence increased 9 months after exposure to PM 10 . The single pollutant model showed when concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, and O 3 increased by 1μg/m 3 (or 1mg/m 3 ), the number of TB cases increased by 0.09%, 0.08%, 0.58%, 0.42%, 6.9%, and 0.57%, respectively. The optimal multi-pollutant model was a two-factor model (PM 10 +NO 2 ). Conclusion Air pollutants including PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , CO, and O 3 increased the risk of TB. Few studies have been conducted in this area of research, especially regarding the mechanism. The results of this study should contribute to the understanding of TB incidence and prompt additional research.