Collaborative Profit Optimization and Distribution for Prefabricated Construction Supply Chains on a Lean Platform

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Prefabricated construction requires seamless collaboration among producers, transporters, and assemblers within the prefabricated compontent (PC) supply chain. However, traditional linear collaboration often suffer from poor synchronization between assemblers’ requirements and market supply, disrupting efficiency and reducing stakeholder benefits. This paper proposes a lean, platform-oriented collaboration management framework to enhance supply-demand coordination among multiple participants across PC supply chain. A multi-objective optimization model integrated with the Shapley value method is developed to optimize collaboration alliance and profit distribution. It minimizes cross-project construction costs via order splitting, while promoting balanced PC production under low-carbon incentives and just-in-time transportation. To ensure equitable profit allocation, three Shapley value-based profit distribution models are designed, incorporating correction coefficients to account for producers’ excess production and assemblers’ delivery delays. Sensitivity analysis also conducted to assess how production cost fluctuations impact various parties’ production arrangements and total project performance. A real-world case study validate the proposed mechanism. The profits increases for assemblers, producers, and transporters are 9%, 17%, and 4%, respectively. The model remains robust amid production cost fluctuations, and profit distribution strategies effectively enhances long-term collaboration among participants. It offers a practical solution for synchronizing workflows and balancing benefits in multi-project PC operations, advancing industry efficiency and sustainability.