An overview of solid-state lithium metal batteries: Materials, properties and challenges

Lithium-ion batteries still have some relevant drawbacks despite their extensive use, mainly in terms of durability and safety concerns related to the use of liquid electrolytes. Given the unique capability of Li metal, i.e. 3860 mAh.g -1 , solid-state lithium metal batteries based on solid electrolytes emerge as an efficient way to circumvent current battery constraints. This review shows the latest advances in solid-state lithium metal batteries with focus on the different materials used for their development and the rational design of materials and interfaces. The main materials, battery components, physical-chemical phenomena and parameters determining their functionality are described and discussed. Further, considerations related to battery modelling, advanced characterization, fabrication and future perspective are provided.