High-Fidelity Universal Gates in the 171 Yb Ground-State Nuclear-Spin Qubit

Arrays of optically trapped neutral atoms are a promising architecture for the realization of quantum computers. In order to run increasingly complex algorithms, it is advantageous to demonstrate high-fidelity and flexible gates between long-lived and highly coherent qubit states. In this work, we demonstrate a universal high-fidelity gate set with individually controlled and parallel application of single-qubit gates and two-qubit gates operating on the ground-state nuclear-spin qubit in arrays of tweezer-trapped <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <a:msup> <a:mi/> <a:mn>171</a:mn> </a:msup> </a:math> <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <c:mi>Yb</c:mi> </c:math> atoms. We utilize the long lifetime, flexible control, and high gate fidelity of our system to characterize native gates using single- and two-qubit Clifford and symmetric subspace randomized-benchmarking circuits with more than 200 controlled- <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"> <e:mi>Z</e:mi> </e:math> () gates applied to one or two pairs of atoms. We measure our two-qubit entangling gate fidelity to be 99.72(3)% (99.40(3)%) with (without) postselection. In addition, we introduce a simple and optimized method for calibration of multiparameter quantum gates. These results represent important milestones toward executing complex and general quantum computation with neutral atoms.