A Comprehensive Review of Humanoid Robots

Humanoid robots, increasingly recognized for their potential to drive economic and social development, have garnered significant attention in recent years. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress, challenges, and future directions in humanoid robotics, with a particular emphasis on essential system components and key technological innovations. Through a review of historical milestones, this paper explores critical aspects such as the design of the head and body, and examines state‐of‐the‐art technologies in areas like locomotion control, perception, and intelligent manipulation. By presenting a thorough analysis of the field, this work aims to serve as a valuable resource for researchers and inspire future innovations that will drive the continued evolution of humanoid robots.