The present comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the effects of chia seed supplementation on anthropometric and metabolic factors. A systematic search was conducted for relevant studies up to June 2023. The meta-analysis included fourteen clinical trials comprising 729 participants. Statistical analysis demonstrated that chia supplementation had a significant effect on SBP (SMD = −0.41; 95% CI: −0.59, −0.22), DBP (SMD = −0.41; 95% CI: −0.65, −0.17), TC (SMD = −0.30; 95% CI: −0.48, −0.13), LDL-C (SMD = −0.30; 95% CI: −0.50, −0.11), and TG (SMD = −0.20; 95% CI: −0.38, −0.02), while the analysis did not illustrate any significant effect on other factors. The heterogeneity among included studies in terms of duration, dose, and participants is a major limitation of the present study. Based on the current meta-analysis results, chia supplementation could have beneficial effects on dyslipidemia and hypertension, helping to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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Nikpayam et al. (2023) studied this question.
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