Predialysis Potassium Variability and Postdialysis Mortality in Patients With Advanced CKD

Figures

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  Figure 1. The association of potassium variability quartiles over the 3-year prelude with 6-month (a) all-cause mortality and (b) cardiovascular mortality after dialysis initiation. The models are as follows: model 1, adjusted for potassium intercept and slope over the 3-year prelude; model 2, adjusted for variables in model 1 plus demographics (age, sex, race, marital status, and smoking status); model 3, adjusted for variables in model 2 plus comorbidities (congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, lung disease, peptic ulcer disease, paraplegia/hemiplegia, anemia, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and malignancies), Charlson Comorbidity Index, cumulative length of hospitalizations, body mass index over the 3-year prelude period, and vascular access type; model 4, adjusted for variables in model 3 plus medications (renal-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, Na-polystyrene sulphonate, loop diuretics, potassium-sparing diuretics, digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, insulin, oral hypoglycemics, calcineurin inhibitors, trimethoprim, and azole antifungals); and model 5, adjusted for…

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  Figure 2. Adjusted hazard/subhazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 6-month (a) all-cause mortality and (b) cardiovascular mortality after dialysis initiation with potassium variability quartiles over the 3-year prelude in selected subgroups. The model adjusted for potassium intercept and slope over the 3-year prelude, demographics (age, sex, race, marital status, and smoking status), comorbidities (congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, lung disease, peptic ulcer disease, paraplegia/hemiplegia, anemia, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and malignancies), Charlson Comorbidity Index, cumulative length of hospitalizations, body mass index over the 3-year prelude period, vascular access type, medications (renal-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor [RAASi], Na-polystyrene sulphonate, loop diuretics, potassium sparing diuretics, digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, insulin, oral hypoglycemics, calcineurin inhibitors, trimethoprim, azole antifungals), average estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and number of potassium measurements over the 3-year prelude period. CHF,…

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  Figure 3. The association of potassium variability quartiles over the 1-year prelude with 6-month (a) all-cause mortality and (b) cardiovascular mortality after dialysis initiation. The models are as follows: model 1, adjusted for potassium intercept and slope over a 1-year prelude; model 2, adjusted for variables in model 1 plus demographics (age, sex, race, marital status, smoking status); model 3, adjusted for variables in model 2 plus comorbidities (congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, lung disease, peptic ulcer disease, paraplegia/hemiplegia, anemia, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, malignancies), Charlson comorbidity index, cumulative length of hospitalizations, and body mass index over the 1-year prelude period, and vascular access type; model 4, adjusted for variables in model 3 plus medications (renal-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors, Na-polystyrene sulphonate, loop diuretics, potassium sparing diuretics, digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, insulin, oral hypoglycemics, calcineurin inhibitors, trimethoprim, azole antifungals); and model 5, adjusted for variables in…

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  Figure 4. Adjusted hazard/subhazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 6-month (a) all-cause mortality and (b) cardiovascular mortality after dialysis initiation with prelude potassium variability quartiles over the 1-year prelude in selected subgroups. The model adjusted for potassium intercept and slope over the 1-year prelude, demographics (age, sex, race, marital status, and smoking status), comorbidities (congestive heart failure, peripheral vascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, lung disease, peptic ulcer disease, paraplegia/hemiplegia, anemia, atrial fibrillation, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, liver disease, and malignancies), Charlson Comorbidity Index, cumulative length of hospitalizations, body mass index over the 1-year prelude period, vascular access type, medications (renal-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor [RAASi], Na-polystyrene sulphonate, loop diuretics, potassium sparing diuretics, digoxin, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, insulin, oral hypoglycemics, calcineurin inhibitors, trimethoprim, and azole antifungals), average estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and the number of potassium measurements over the 1-year prelude…