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Psoriasis (PsO) is a chronic immune-mediated disorder driven by dysregulated cytokine networks, keratinocyte hyperproliferation, and oxidative stress. Modern therapeutic strategies target inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL-17, IL-23, and intracellular pathways such as NF-κB and JAK/STAT. Polyphenols, notably curcumin, resveratrol, baicalin, quercetin, and taxifolin, demonstrate anti-psoriatic potential by suppressing cytokine signaling, reducing oxidative stress, and normalizing keratinocyte function. Despite promising preclinical outcomes, their clinical translation is hindered by poor solubility, instability, and batch variability. Advances in nanotechnology liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs), nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs), niosomes, and polymer-based nanoparticles improve solubility, dermal penetration, and sustained release of polyphenols, enhancing their therapeutic efficacy in PsO models. Several compounds, including allicin, silymarin, psoralidin, and genistein, show synergistic benefits when integrated into nanocarriers, though most remain at preclinical or early clinical stages. Recent innovations include dual-drug nanoformulations and metallic nanoparticles with intrinsic anti-inflammatory activity. However, limitations such as regulatory uncertainty, scale-up challenges, and long-term safety remain barriers to clinical adoption. Future directions emphasize standardized extraction, AI-driven formulation design, biomarker-based patient stratification, and sustainable production methods. Graphical abstract
Suddikattu et al. (Sat,) studied this question.