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David C. Rostal, Valentine A. Lance, Janice S. Grumbles, Allison C. Alberts, Seasonal Reproductive Cycle of the Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in the Eastern Mojave Desert, Herpetological Monographs, Vol. 8 (1994), pp. 72-82
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Rostal et al. (1994) studied this question.
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