From about 10 000 years to 2 days, the half-life of the hydrolysis of phosphoric acid diphenyl ester 1 can be lowered by lanthanide ions in water at 70°C. Nitrogen-containing ligands barely reduce the catalytic effectiveness and allow such complexes to be fixed, which is essential for many applications. Polyhydroxy ligands further increase the reactivity, which can be explained when an analogy is drawn with the effect of a vicinal hydroxy group in ribophosphates 2.
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Schneider et al. (1993) studied this question.
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