Optimal fractional order PID controller for automatic generation control of two-area power systems

This paper proposes a fractional order PID (FOPID) controller for the supplementary automatic generation control (AGC) of two area thermal power systems. To establish the effectiveness of the proposed controller, its dynamic performance is compared with integral/PI controllers. The parameters of the PI controllers are determined using genetic algorithm (GA) and fuzzy logic-based approaches. These comparisons are performed in terms of two time domain performance indices viz., settling time and maximum overshoot/undershoot of the dynamic response and three error indices, viz., Integral of Time multiplied Absolute Error (ITAE), Integral of the Absolute Error (IAE) and Integral of the square error (ISE).