Latent trajectory modeling of platelet counts and mortality risk in intensive care unit patients with atrial fibrillation

Figures

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  Figure 1.. Flow-diagram illustrating patient inclusion in the study.

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  Figure 2.. Class-specific predicted trajectories of serum platelet levels over time in patients with AF. Three distinct trajectory classes were identified within the first 36 h after ICU admission: Class 1: Persistently low (black line), characterized by consistently low platelet counts with a slight downward trend; Class 2: Decline–rebound (red line), starting from higher platelet levels with a rapid early decline followed by partial recovery; Class 3: Rise–fall (green line), showing an initial increase in platelet counts followed by a gradual decline. These trajectories highlight substantial heterogeneity in early platelet dynamics and may carry prognostic significance. AF; atrial fibrillation; ICU: intensive care unit.

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  Figure 3.. Kaplan–Meier curves of 28-day overall survival across platelet trajectory classes. Kaplan–Meier analysis showed significant differences in survival across the three trajectory classes (log-rank test p < 0.001). Patients in Class 2 (decline–rebound) exhibited the lowest survival probability early during the ICU stay, with the gap widening over time, whereas Class 1 (persistently low) and Class 3 (rise–fall) demonstrated relatively higher survival probabilities. The number at risk table is provided below the curves to enhance interpretability of the survival analysis. HR: hazard ratio.CI: confidence interval; ICU: intensive care unit.

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  Figure 4.. Subgroup analysis of the association between platelet trajectories and 28-day mortality in AF patients. AF: atrial fibrillation.