Assesses legal support for smart contracts in various jurisdictions, indicating potential improvements.
Pre-registration for a study measuring the extent to which a jurisdiction's law supports enforceable smart contracts in blockchain-enabled supply chains. Deposited before any coding begins. Contains no results. The instrument scores twenty indicators across four dimensions on a five-level scale, where the top of every scale is conformity with a named international instrument rather than the practice of the highest-capacity jurisdictions. Anchors include the UNCITRAL Model Laws on Electronic Commerce, Electronic Signatures and Electronic Transferable Records, the UN Convention on the Use of Electronic Communications in International Contracts, FATF Recommendation 15, Council of Europe Convention 108+, the AU Malabo Convention, the New York Convention and the UNIDROIT Principles on Digital Assets and Private Law. The design responds to a measured problem. An earlier version of this instrument, built to conventional composite-indicator practice, correlated with log GDP per capita at r = 0.92 across six jurisdictions. Anchoring scale ceilings to instruments a state can adopt by legislating, rather than to what wealthy states already do, reduces that association substantially: across a 138-state rule-based frame, adoption of the four UNCITRAL instruments correlates with income between +0.11 and +0.30. Two panels. Tier 1 is 30 jurisdictions on all twenty indicators, coded from national primary sources, with fifteen double-coded by two independent human coders. Tier 2 is 138 jurisdictions on the five contract-enforceability indicators, with a frame defined by rule: every sovereign state on any UNCITRAL e-commerce status table, plus every G20 member, plus every African Union member. Nine hypotheses are pre-registered with thresholds and failure branches, covering discriminant validity against national income, criterion validity against published adoption tables and FATF ratings, dimensionality, inter-rater reliability, and the effect of legal-information accessibility on the scores. The deposit includes the pre-registration, both sampling frames, the codebook with worked examples, the coding protocol, the instrument schema, the configuration holding every threshold and seed, the derived source data, and a complete dated log of every judgement call made in constructing the study.
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Nana Osei Adu-Amankwah (2026) studied this question.
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