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August 13, 2026Journal of the Turkish Chemical Society Section A ChemistryOpen Access

Optimization of pH in Heavy Metal Adsorption Using Natural and Activated Bentonite for Multi-Component Aqueous Solutions Containing Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Pb²⁺

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Authors

JKJilan Nafisah KoenangTATuty Emilia AgustinaTATine Aprianti

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Overview

Randomized trial evaluates pH's effect on heavy metal removal in aqueous solutions using bentonite, highlighting environmental implications.

Key Points

  • This research aims to identify the optimal pH for heavy metal adsorption using different forms of bentonite.
  • Adsorption conducted using natural, acid-activated, and acid-thermal activated bentonite.
  • Multi-component solutions containing Cu²⁺, Fe³⁺, and Pb²⁺ were tested at pH levels 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7.
  • Surface properties were examined using SEM-EDX.
  • Acid-thermal activated bentonite showed highest efficiency for Cu²⁺ and Pb²⁺ at pH 7.
  • Acid-activated bentonite was most effective for Fe³⁺ at pH 7.
  • Acid-activated and acid-thermal activated bentonite had better surface structures and active sites compared to natural bentonite.

Cite This Study

Koenang et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a7d768a2b0e0cff3f640003https://doi.org/10.18596/jotcsa.1884931
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