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The Central Medical Committee of IPPF suggests that oral contraceptives should be made available in many countries through trained paramedical personnel in the absence of such signs as jaundice breast mass discharge from the nipple varicose veins hypertension urine sugar or protein pain or swelling in the legs chest pain shortness of breath after exertion or severe headache. In the absence of such screening by paramedics they should be made available through other outlets since the risk of pregnancy is greater than the risk of side effects.
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Speidel et al. (1974) studied this question.
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