Plasma membrane microdomains in aging and disease

The plasma membrane of eukaryotic cells participates in signal transduction and many other cellular events to maintain the physiological state of cells. In recent decades, much attention has been paid to membrane microdomains, called lipid rafts or membrane rafts, as signaling platforms in the plasma membrane. Lipid rafts are lateral lipid clusters enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids in which particular molecules are concentrated and participate in membrane-mediated signaling events. Recent studies have shown a close relationship between lipid rafts and the age-associated decline and dysregulation of cellular signaling pathways, such as T-cell receptor signaling and cellular senescence-related signaling. Lipid rafts have also been implicated in senile diseases and in lifestyle-related diseases whose incidences increase with age.