High-Resolution Computed Tomography of the Lung in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: Technical Factors

A standard technique that controls for respiratory motion and lung volumes during imaging is necessary if high-resolution computed tomography is to be used as an outcome measure in children with cystic fibrosis. End-inspiratory and expiratory imaging allows for the detection and differentiation of early lung disease. In children ages 0-5 years, a noninvasive controlled ventilation technique is ideal, and can be used in combination with raised-volume infant pulmonary function tests. In older children, a spirometric-assisted or spirometric-triggered technique should be used. With optimal technique, radiation dose settings (kVp and mA) can be lowered to achieve a diagnostic screening high-resolution computed tomography of the lungs at a dose equivalent to that of the chest radiograph.