Enjoying UTu in concert: A synthetic tRNA (tRNAUTu) was used as a substrate for three E. coli proteins: seryl-tRNA synthetase (SerRS) forming Ser-tRNAUTu, selenocysteine (Sec) synthase (SelA) generating Sec-tRNAUTu, and EF-Tu for Sec-tRNAUTu transport to the ribosome (see scheme). tRNAUTu can be used by the ribosome, thus allowing site-specific Sec insertion into proteins, including formate dehydrogenase H, selenoglutaredoxin, and glutathione peroxidase.
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Aldag et al. (2012) studied this question.
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