Effects on hyperpolarizabilities of molecular interactions in associating liquid mixtures

We have measured the second and third order hyperpolarizabilities β and γ using the technique of electric field induced second harmonic generation in a variety of weakly associating (e.g., nitrobenzene–benzene) and strongly associating (e.g., water–methanol) liquid mixtures. These experiments are shown to yield interesting information on dipolar forces, hydrogen bonding, charge transfer interactions, and other solute–solute, solute–solvent effects.