Straus SE, Majmudar SR, McAlister FA. New evidence for stroke prevention: scientific review. JAMA 2002;288:1388–95. Control of blood pressure, treatment of hyperlipidemia, use of antithrombotic agents in patients with atrial fibrillation, and use of antiplatelet therapy in patients with myocardial infarction play a role in primary prevention of stroke. Effective strategies for secondary prevention include carotid endarterectomy for patients with severe carotid stenosis.
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Thomas R. Mizen (2003) studied this question.