Ureteral endometriosis: an uncommon cause of ureteral stricture

Endometriosis is a common disorder which affects 5–10% of women of reproductive age, for which the gold standard investigation for the diagnosis is laparoscopy and biopsy with histological confirmation (1,2). Urinary tract endometriosis occurs in ~1% of women with pelvic endometriosis (3). If it involves the ureters, it can present with renal colic and can cause hydronephrosis and renal complications due to obstruction, mainly in women of child-bearing age. The symptoms can be non-specific. Delayed diagnosis can lead to renal failure due to silent obstruction of the ureter (4).