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Resistivity, reversible magnetization, and Josephson plasma resonance (JPR) data for Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O₈ with columnar defects (CD) show that two liquid phases exist above the irreversibility line. They differ by the c-axis correlations in pancake positions. We explain the existence of two liquids with different c-axis correlations and transition between them in some temperature interval exploring the particle-hole symmetry in the free energy functional for pancakes inside CD. This functional accounts for magnetic interaction of pancakes, their interaction via Josephson coupling, and pinning by CD.
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Bulaevskiǐ et al. (1998) studied this question.
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