Factors influencing trainee willingness to disclose in supervision.

Structural equation modeling was used to investigate an overarching model of the interrelationships among a combined set of variables (i.e., trainee anxiety, supervisory working alliance, and counseling self-efficacy) related to trainee willingness to disclose in supervision. A modified version of the model satisfied the predetermined criteria for good fit to the observed data. The findings provided further empirical support for the relationships between higher counseling self-efficacy and less trainee anxiety, stronger supervisory working alliance and less trainee anxiety, and stronger supervisory working alliance and higher willingness to disclose. Empirical support was not found for a relationship between trainee anxiety and willingness to disclose or a relationship between counseling self-efficacy and willingness to disclose. Implications for practice and future research directions are discussed.