Probabilistic Settlement Analysis by Stochastic and Random Finite-Element Methods

The paper discusses finite element models for predicting the elastic settlement of a strip footing on a variable soil. The paper then goes on to compare results obtained in a probabilistic settlement analysis using a stochastic finite element method based on first order second moment approximations, with the random finite element method based on generation of random fields combined with Monte Carlo simulations. The paper highlights the deficiencies of probabilistic methods that are unable to properly account for spatial correlation.