Deep Learning-Assisted Diagnostic System: Implant Brand Detection Using Improved IB-YOLOv10 in Periapical Radiographs

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Background and Objectives: Implant brand identification is critical in modern dental clinical diagnostics. With the increasing variety of implant brands and the difficulty of accurate identification in periapical radiographs, there is a growing demand for automated solutions. This study aims to leverage deep learning techniques to assist in dental implant classification, providing dentists with an efficient and reliable tool for implant brand detection. Methods: We proposed an innovative implant brand feature extraction method with multiple image enhancement techniques to improve implant visibility and classification accuracy. Additionally, we introduced a PA resolution enhancement technique that utilizes Dark Channel Prior and Lanczos interpolation for image resolution upscaling. Results: We evaluated the performance differences among various YOLO models for implant brand detection. Additionally, we analyzed the impact of implant brand feature extraction and PA resolution enhancement techniques on YOLO’s detection accuracy. Our results show that IB-YOLOv10 achieves a 17.8% accuracy improvement when incorporating these enhancement techniques compared to IB-YOLOv10 without enhancements. In real-world clinical applications, IB-YOLOv10 can classify implant brands in just 6.47 ms per PA, significantly reducing diagnostic time. Compared to existing studies, our model improves implant detection accuracy by 2.3%, achieving an overall classification accuracy of 94.5%. Conclusions: The findings of this study demonstrate that IB-YOLOv10 effectively reduces the diagnostic burden on dentists while providing a fast and reliable implant brand detection solution, improves clinical efficiency, and establishes a robust deep learning approach for automated implant detection in PA.