Mathematical contributions to the theory of evolution. IV. On the probable errors of frequency constants and on the influence of random selection on variation and correlation

This memoir starts with a general theorem, by which the probable errors made in calculating the constants of any frequency distribution may be determined. It is shown that these probable errors form a correlated system approximately following the normal law of frequency, whatever be the nature of the original frequency distribution, i. e.,whether it be skew or normal. The importance of this result for the theory of evolution is then drawn attention to.