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Longitudinal analysis models Discomfort Heat Index Intensity trends across five global cities from 1940 to 2025, highlighting accelerating thermal stress under climate change.
This publication is related to the new metric for climate change impact - Discomfort Heat Index Intensity (DCI). DCI uses a baseline "Comfort Heat Index" (CHI) of 26.6°C (79.9°F), above which cooling is required. The Heat Index (HI) is the temperature equivalent of discomfort caused by air temperature and humidity. DCI is calculated as the positive difference between the Heat Index and CHI multiplied by the cumulative time during which the Heat Index exceeds the comfort threshold, and is expressed in °C•hr. Four annual parameters were analyzed for Jerusalem, Tel Aviv, Boston, MA, Richmond, VA and Miami, FL during 1940–2025: the annual Discomfort Heat Index (DC), annual Maximum Discomfort Heat Index (maxDC), annual Discomfort Heat Index Duration (DDC), and annual Discomfort Heat Index Intensity (DCI). The records were divided into two equal periods, Period1 (1940–1982) and Period2 (1983–2025). For each parameter, annual values were fitted by parabolic trendlines. The annual rate of change (velocity) was obtained from year-to-year changes and represented by a linear trendline, while the slope of this trendline was defined as the acceleration.
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Joseph Nowarski (2026) studied this question.
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