Integrating Tools of the Mind and casework to enhance executive function in disadvantaged Chinese children

This pilot randomised controlled trial (RCT) evaluated an integrated intervention combining “Tools of the Mind” group intervention and social work casework methods, aiming to explore a service model for improving the executive functioning of vulnerable children. In this pilot RCT (N = 12 disadvantaged children), executive functioning was measured at four intervals (A0: baseline, A1: post-group, A2: post-casework, A3: follow-up). We employed exact permutation testing to analyse outcomes, integrating qualitative data from semi-structured interviews to substantiate and elaborate on the quantitative results. The intervention group showed greater improvement in BDEFS-CA scores from A0 to A3 than the control group, a statistically significant difference (p = .015). Semi-structured interviews elucidated how children integrated the strategies into their daily lives. This exploratory study examines a pathway within evidence-based practice for embedding standardised tools into daily life through personalised services, enabling sustainable change.