Tritolyl phosphates have caused many cases of poisoning in humans involving damage to. the nervous system which is characterized clinically by ataxia and paralysis of the limbs (Smith, Elvove, Valaer, Frazier & Malleroy, 1930; Henschler, 1958); also, in the hen a similar type of poisoning is produced and this species is therefore accepted as a suitable experimental animal for studying this type of neurotoxicity (Smith, Elvove & Frazier, 1930). Other organophosphorus compounds, e.g. di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate and NN'-di-iso- propyl phosphorodiamidic fluoride (Barnes & Denz, 1953) and a further series of phosphonofluoridates (Davies, Holland & Rumens, 1960), produce a similar effect in chickens. Although tri- o-tolyl phosphate is effective many other tri(alkylphenyl) phosphates are ineffective (Hine et al. 1956; Henschler, 1958, 1959), and in a more recent study out of 23 tri(alkylphenyl) phosphates only nine produced ataxia in chickens (Bondy, Field, Worden & Hughes, 1960; Aldridge &
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Poulsen et al. (1964) studied this question.