Flow in open C-shaped cavities: How far does the change in boundaries affect nanofluid?

Numerical modeling for natural convection in partially C-shape open ended enclosure filled with nanofluid has been performed. There are many factors have been studied which ensure that internal energy is related to AR. It's noticed that the importance of open regions and its locations along the boundaries. Existence of nanoparticles increases the rate of heat and mass transfer through the opening boundaries for low Rayleigh number. The temperature all over the cavity increases as heat source length increases, where the mass exchange rate with extended domain is very slightly. Larger B, larger U, V and θ. So heat transfer rate depends greatly on heat source length.