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From 1998 to 2001, 112 lengthening procedures with or without deformity correction were performed in 108 children by external fixation with the Ilizarov method. Of these cases, 16.9% did not lead to a solid bone consolidation. Two children were operated the second time, mainly because of the parent's decision. Seventeen delayed unions or nonunions in 13 children were treated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound. All 17 cases healed within 3 to 12 months without any risk of surgical intervention.
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Gebauer et al. (2005) studied this question.
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