Key result
Enterovirus was detected in 5.84% of all samples, including 7.14% of children's caregivers and 7.61% of playground surfaces, indicating they are potential reservoirs for hand-foot-and-mouth disease.
Cross-Sectional (n=257)
Yes
Asymptomatic children's caregivers and public playground surfaces frequently harbor enteroviruses, suggesting they may serve as potential reservoirs for hand-foot-and-mouth disease transmission.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports further investigation of caregivers and playgrounds as HFMD reservoirs; does not yet justify practice changes.
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease, which has led to millions of clinical cases and hundreds of deaths every year in China. This study aimed to exploring the effects on HFMD transmission of children's caregivers and public area, as well as trying to locate the potential reservoirs of infections in primary cases. Total children's 257 samples (98 children's caregivers and 159 environmental samples) were tested for the presence of universal enterovirus, enterovirus 71, coxsackie virus A6 and A16 by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). 5.84% (15/257, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.98%, 8.70%) of total samples had positive results of enterovirus. The enterovirus positive rates of children's caregiver samples and environmental samples were respectively 7.14% (7/98, 95% CI: 2.04%, 12.24%), and 5.03% (8/159, 95% CI: 1.63%, 8.43%); 7.61% (7/92, 95% CI: 2.21%, 13.01%) of wiping samples from playgrounds and 1.49% (1/67, 95% CI: 0, 7.00%) of air samples in indoor market places had positive result of enterovirus. High positive rates of enterovirus in children's caregivers and from playgrounds indicated that they would be potential reservoirs of HFMD infection, as children might be infected via contacting with asymptomatic-infected individuals or exposure of contaminated surface of public facilities.
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Li et al. (2016) conducted a cross-sectional in Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) (n=257). Children's caregivers and public environments was evaluated on Enterovirus positive rate in total samples (95% CI 2.98%, 8.70%). Enterovirus was detected in 5.84% of all samples, including 7.14% of children's caregivers and 7.61% of playground surfaces, indicating they are potential reservoirs for hand-foot-and-mouth disease.
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