Single-wire power transmission principle explanation and simulation analysis

To resolve controversies over the specific principle of single-wire power transmission (SWPT), this study innovatively confirms the indispensable role of the single wire and identifies scalar waves as the potential energy carrier through structural analysis and simulation. Starting from the typical structure of SWPT systems, it analyzes representative models and verifies that the single wire is a core, irreplaceable component for directional energy transfer. The study further deduces that the energy carrier in SWPT may propagate as scalar waves by exploring electromagnetic field characteristics. Finally, Comsol simulations (200 m single wire, 100 V high-frequency input, 50 Ω load) intuitively show the electric and magnetic field distributions on the single wire, confirming that these fields exhibit the distribution characteristics of scalar waves, providing theoretical and simulation support for clarifying the SWPT principle.