Gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with opposite surface charge can form aggregates through electrostatic interaction and exhibit surface plasmon resonance (SPR) induced-localized electromagnetic (EM) field enhancement under light irradiation. Intracellular aggregation of Au NPs can further improve the therapeutic efficiency of Au NP-enhanced photodynamic therapy of cancer by promoting singlet oxygen generation.
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Yang et al. (2014) studied this question.
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