Coastal Sea Salt Chlorine Deposition Linked to Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Oscillation in French Guiana

Sea salt chloride is a major component of atmospheric aerosol and its behavior is an essential element in determining the climate. Two atmospheric chlorine deposition measurement procedures were performed between 2004 and 2008 by the French Guiana Regional Air Observatory (ORA), in the coastal plain of Sinnamary. The main goal was to determine the background spatial distribution of marine chlorine in order to evaluate the impact of Ariane rocket hydrogen chloride emission. To determine the chlorine concentration level, weekly samples from 10 sites were analyzed. A seasonal pattern was identified. For every site, a high sea salt chlorine deposition level was observed from December to April and a low level from July to October. The ratio of high to low mean chloride concentration R HC/LC shows that just under half of the variation in chlorine deposition can be linked to the variation of sea salt production with low-level wind speed. Equations relating mean sea salt chlorine concentration and the distance to shore were studied, taking into account parameters found in other tropical regions, with a focus on neighboring Brazil. The wind rotation between the two seasons, and the sea salt chlorine loss per kilometer equation found for dry deposition, were used to calculate R HC/LC . It appears that the observed rotation (60°) explains 88% of R HC/LC . Finally, inland sea salt chlorine deposition behavior in this region was linked to intertropical convergence zone oscillation through variations in wind speed and direction.