An effective transmission strategy should achieve maximum possible energy efficiency (MPEE) and maximum possible energy balancing (MPEB) for lifespan maximization in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this letter, a transmission scheme with two strategies of MPEB is proposed to realize the unity of MPEE and MPEB, and ultimately to maximize the lifetime of WSNs. This transmission scheme is based on ant colony optimization (ACO), but it is quite different from conventional ACO algorithms in two aspects: every ant only needs to move one step to finish its complete trip, and there is no heuristic information in the transition probability of the ant. Finally, simulations are used to validate the effectiveness and superiority of our proposed transmission scheme.
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Xuxun Liu (2014) studied this question.
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