Capacity building for organizational performance: a systematic review, conceptual framework, and future research directions

This study presents a comprehensive review of organizational performance capacity enhancement through a systematic review of existing literature. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) methodology, the study identifies key factors, such as innovation, human resource management, knowledge management, sustainability, and technology adoption. The study also highlights the importance of strategic components, such as individual expertise, transformational leadership, and collective vision in driving innovation and knowledge acquisition in organizations. The uniqueness of this study lies in integrating absorptive capacity with strategic elements, resulting in a new conceptual framework specifically designed for the public sector, a gap that has not been widely addressed in previous studies. The results underscore the critical role of bureaucratic institutional capabilities and technology integration in optimizing performance in dynamic operational environments. Furthermore, the study offers practical insights that bridge the gap between theory and application, especially in the context of digitalization and post-pandemic organizational dynamics.