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Transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO) may be the most under-recognized and life-threatening transfusion complication. During or within minutes to hours of transfusion, patients develop respiratory distress, and may develop orthopnea, cyanosis, tachycardia, and hypertension. Elevated blood pressure, tachycardia, and increased pulmonary wedge pressure are the typical stigmata. Treatment of TACO starts with discontinuing any ongoing transfusion and TACO usually responds to diuresis and ventilatory support.
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Yang et al. (2012) studied this question.
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