Theoretical analysis reveals particle solutions from structured light geometry consistent with electrons within 0.2%, indicating matter may emerge directly from electromagnetic fields.
Constructing real particles in vacuum rather than quasiparticles is a long-standing problem of structured light. Here we show a new theory and reveal that ubiquitous field configuration with orthogonal E-B rotation plane is mutually causal with the curvature of energy flow trajectories, and induces nonlinear coupling between field strength and curvature, endowing itself with non-Abelian dynamical characteristics, yields particle solutions. Unexpected, its characteristics are consistent with electron (0.2%). A revisit of the experiment reveals that identical field configuration and mechanism are obtained, suggesting that it is not merely a coincidence. This study provides new insights of particles’ internal structure and the origin of symmetries, and new theoretical grounds for the physical picture of matter being constituted by electromagnetic fields.
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Liu et al. (2026) studied this question.
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