Sociological thinkers help us understand the crisis in doctoral training. Weber shows us that the crisis is the result of a clash of rationalities. Foucault shows us the highly-developed rationality of policymakers/administrators, which emerged in "disciplinary societies". I discuss the new doctoral training that reshapes subjectivity and retunes the relationship between self and education in the name of social progress. Borrowing from Rose, I stress two themes that are crucial for modern doctoral training: expertise and audit. Latour shows how this rationalisation of doctoral education occurred when it did. It had to await a series of translations--beliefs, knowledges, practices, documents, technologies and so forth, which originally arose in another language (business), and had to be packaged up in simplified forms.
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Gavin Kendall (2002) studied this question.
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