Therapeutic intervention for type 5 diabetes mellitus: an overview

Type 5 diabetes mellitus (T5DM), also referred to as pancreatogenesis diabetes or diabetes of the exocrine pancreas (DEP), is a rare but clinically significant form of diabetes arising secondary to pancreatic disorders such as chronic pancreatitis, cystic fibrosis, pancreatic cancer, or after pancreatectomy. Misdiagnosis as type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus is common, leading to suboptimal management. This review explores the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and current therapeutic strategies for T5DM, focusing on medical nutrition therapy, pharmacologic interventions, and emerging therapeutic approaches. A multidisciplinary management plan including endocrinology, gastroenterology, and dietetics is vital for optimal outcomes.