Renal Tubular Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Expression Is Increased in Early Sepsis but Reduced in Chronic Kidney Disease and Sepsis-Induced Kidney Injury

Figures

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  Figure 1. Experimental design. Control, sham-operated; sepsis, cecal ligation, and puncture (CLP) model; and CKD, 5/6 nephrectomized model.

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  Figure 2. Changes of clinical parameters in rats. Change of outcomes in control, sepsis, CKD, and CKD-with-sepsis rats. Body weight (A), 24 h urine volume (B), urine pH (C), glucose (D), serum creatinine (E), blood urea nitrogen (F), serum albumin (G), creatinine clearance (H), and plasma-CRP (I). Control, sham-operated; sepsis, cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model; and CKD, 5/6 nephrectomized model. n = number of rats. * p < 0.05 vs. control, ** p < 0.01 vs. control; † p < 0.05 vs. sepsis, †† p < 0.01 vs. sepsis; and # p < 0.05 vs. CKD, ## p < 0.01 vs. CKD.

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  Figure 3. Kaplan–Meier plot of conditions of control, sepsis, CKD, and CKD-with-sepsis associated with animal survival rate.

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  Figure 4. Renal GLP-1R changes in early sepsis. (A) Western blots showing GLP-1R expression in the renal cortex. (B) Quantification of GLP-1R was standardized based on β-actin expression in the renal cortex. (C) Immunohistochemistry of renal GLP-1R (×400). (a) Control, (b) 3 h after cecal perforation, (c) 6 h, (d) 12 h, (e) 24 h, and (f) 72 h after cecal perforation. Control, sham-operated; sepsis, cecal ligation, and punctured (CLP) rats; values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). * p < 0.05 vs. control, # p < 0.05 vs. sepsis 3 h, ## p < 0.01 vs. sepsis 3 h, †† p < 0.01 vs. sepsis 6 h, and ‡‡ p < 0.01 vs. sepsis 24 h.

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  Figure 5. Renal GLP-1R expression in sepsis, CKD, and CKD-with-sepsis. (A) Western blots showing GLP-1R expression in the renal cortex. (B) Quantification of GLP-1R was standardized based on β-actin expression in the renal cortex. (C) Immunohistochemistry of renal GLP-1R (×400). Control, sham-operated; sepsis, cecal ligation, and punctured (CLP) rats; values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). * p < 0.05 vs. control.

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  Figure 6. Intestinal GLP-1R in sepsis, CKD, and CKD-with-sepsis. (A) Western blot showing intestinal GLP-1R expression. (B) Quantification of GLP-1R was standardized based on β-actin expression in the intestine. Sepsis, cecal ligation, and punctured (CLP) rats; values are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD). * p < 0.05 vs. control.