Substituting used tyres for anthracite in the EAF in France and in Belgium is reported. First trials have been carried out in Lorraine in 1997 in the frame of a partnership between Usinor (now Arcelor Mittal), Michelin and Ademe. The substitution process has been eventually implemented by LME in cooperation with Aliapur over the years 2002-2003. Industeel Belgium got started on substitution in 2004. To day, both steel plants have achieved stable operation, with a regular load of 8 to 12 kg used tyres per ton of steel, thus allowing significant and sustainable savings on anthracite.
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Ayed et al. (2007) studied this question.
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