A Study on Clinical Profile of the Patients With Congestive Heart Failure

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiovascular condition whose prevalence and incidence is increasing in the recentpast. Multiple risk factors involved in its genesis makes it more complex in the prevention and management. Objective: The present study aimed to assess the clinical profile of the patients suffering with heart failure. Methods: Prospective observational study was undertaken among the patients admitted in the Medical unit of Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Bettiah during October 2018 and September 2019. Patients fulfilling EuropeanSociety of Cardiology (ESC) criteria of HF were included in the study. Prevalence of congestive HF was estimated based on community study and hospital OPD. Results: Smoking, alcoholism, ischemic heart disease and hypertension were the leading risk factors in developing HF. Breathlessness(100%), swelling of the feet (92.3%), cough (57.7%) and palpitation (50%) were the most common symptoms observed inthe patients. Oedema feet (100%), basal crepitations (80.3%), raised Jugular Venous Distention (JVD) (57.7%) and S3 (57.7%)were the leading signs in the patients. Chest X-ray (CXR) findings indicate that 76.9% of the patients reported with increasedCardiothoracic ratio. Arrhythmias (predominantly AF-19.2%) and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) accounted for 26.9% each. The prevalence of HF was estimated to be in between 0.51 to 27.27 respectively.