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Today hollow-core optical fibers (HCF) are on the verge of surpassing the attenuation benchmark of silica single-mode optical fibers used in optical communication. Compared to solid-core optical fibers, HCFs exhibit ultra-low nonlinearity, high damage threshold, low latency and temperature insensitivity, making them ideal candidates for high-speed data communication, high-resolution sensing, high-power delivery and precise interferometry. The main challenges of low insertion loss, suppressed back-reflections and fundamental mode coupling must be addressed to incorporate HCFs into existing fiber-optic systems to fully exploit their potential.
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Komanec et al. (2020) studied this question.
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